La Révolte des masses de José Ortega y Gasset est l’un des diagnostics les plus lucides de la crise morale européenne. Cette crise est la conséquence de l’apparition d’un nouveau genre humain : l’homme-masse révolté. La révolte annoncée a été une victoire, mais ce triomphe signe aussi son échec. La solution de la crise ne peut provenir que d’une réforme radicale de la philosophie, qui dépasserait le subjectivisme et le relativisme auxquels nous a conduits l’évolution égarée de la modernité. (...) L’essai d’Ortega y Gasset est d’une actualité remarquable qui permet de comprendre la situation spirituelle de notre époque. (shrink)

This study analyzes the interests of Spanish audiences in travel magazines within the current context of press consumption. The objectives are to identify the readers' reading frequency and reasons for reading, what contents interest them, and what aspects of the photographs attract them. The methodology involves a structured questionnaire completed by a representative sample of the Spanish population (n=1000). The main results reveal a low reading frequency, great interest in practical information, preference for landscape photography (over the age of 54) (...) and nightlife photography (young people), and indifference regarding the journalistic source of the images. These data provide relevant information on which to adapt travel magazines' content strategy. (shrink)

Learning Management System (LMS) platforms provide a wealth of information on the learning patterns of students. Learning Analytics (LA) techniques permit the analysis of the logs or records of the activities of both students and teachers on the on-line platform. The learning patterns differ depending on the type of Blended Learning (B-Learning). In this study, we analyse: (1) whether significant differences exist between the learning outcomes of students and their learning patterns on the platform, depending on the type of B-Learning (...) [Replacement blend (RB) vs. Supplemental blend (SB)]; (2) whether a relation exists between the metacognitive and the motivational strategies (MS) of students, their learning outcomes and their learning patterns on the platform. The 87,065 log records of 129 students (69 in RB and 60 in SB) in the Moodle 3.1 platform were analyzed. The results revealed different learning patterns between students depending on the type of B-Learning (RB vs. SB). We have found that the degree of blend, RB vs. SB, seems to condition student behavior on the platform. Learning patterns in RB environments can predict student learning outcomes. Additionally, in RB environments there is a relationship between the learning patterns and the metacognitive and (MS) of the students. (shrink)

The acquisition and evolution of speech production, discourse and communication can be negatively impacted by brain malformations. We describe, for the first time, a case of developmental dynamic dysphasia (DDD) in a right-handed adolescent boy (subject D) with cortical malformations involving language-eloquent regions (inferior frontal gyrus) in both the left and the right hemispheres. Language evaluation revealed a markedly reduced verbal output affecting phonemic and semantic fluency, phrase and sentence generation and verbal communication in everyday life. Auditory comprehension, repetition, naming, (...) reading and spelling were relatively preserved, but executive function was impaired. Multimodal neuroimaging showed a malformed cerebral cortex with atypical configuration and placement of white matter tracts bilaterally and abnormal callosal fibers. Dichotic listening showed right hemisphere dominance for language and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) additionally revealed dissociated hemispheric language representation with right frontal activation for phonology and bilateral dominance for semantic processing. Moreover, subject D also had congenital mirror movements (CMM), defined as involuntary movements of one side of the body that mirror intentional movements of the other side. Transcranial magnetic stimulation and fMRI during voluntary unimanual (left and right) hand movements showed bilateral motor cortex recruitment and tractography revealed a lack of decussation of bilateral corticospinal tracts. Genetic testing aimed to detect mutations that disrupt the development of commissural tracts correlating with CMM (e.g., Germline DCC mutations) was negative. Overall, our findings suggest that DDD in subject D resulted from the underdevelopment of the left inferior frontal gyrus with limited capacity for plastic reorganization by its homologous counterpart in the right hemisphere. Corpus callosum anomalies probably contributed to hinder interhemispheric connectivity necessary to compensate language and communication deficits after left frontal involvement. (shrink)

José Ortega y Gasset (Madrid, 1883-1955), doctor en Filosofía y Letras, amplió estudios en las universidades de Leipzig, Berlín y Marburgo, consiguiendo a los veintisiete años la cátedra de Metafísica de la Universidad Central de Madrid. En 1923 funda Revista de Occidente, una de las publicaciones culturales de mayor prestigio internacional. ¿Qué es filosofía? nació en 1929 en la Universidad de Madrid. La suspensión de las actividades académicas por causas políticas y la dimisión de Ortega le obligaron a continuar (...) el curso en un teatro. ¿Qué es filosofía? contiene un análisis radical de la actividad filosófica y es la mejor vía para conocer el pensamiento orteguiano. A ello nos ayuda en su Introducción Ignacio Sánchez Cámara, mostrando cómo Ortega persigue una radical reforma de la filosofía, que consiste en la superación del idealismo y en la crítica de la modernidad. Ortega nos marca el rumbo, sin duda fértil, por donde pueden evitarse los escollos del racionalismo moderno sin recaer en el irracionalismo ni en el relativismo. (shrink)

José Ortega y Gasset (Madrid, 1883-1955), doctor en Filosofía y Letras, amplió estudios en las universidades de Leipzig, Berlín y Marburgo, consiguiendo a los veintisiete años la cátedra de Metafísica de la Universidad Central de Madrid. En 1923 funda Revista de Occidente, una de las publicaciones culturales de mayor prestigio internacional. ¿Qué es filosofía? nació en 1929 en la Universidad de Madrid. La suspensión de las actividades académicas por causas políticas y la dimisión de Ortega le obligaron a continuar (...) el curso en un teatro. ¿Qué es filosofía? contiene un análisis radical de la actividad filosófica y es la mejor vía para conocer el pensamiento orteguiano. A ello nos ayuda en su Introducción Ignacio Sánchez Cámara, mostrando cómo Ortega persigue una radical reforma de la filosofía, que consiste en la superación del idealismo y en la crítica de la modernidad. Ortega nos marca el rumbo, sin duda fértil, por donde pueden evitarse los escollos del racionalismo moderno sin recaer en el irracionalismo ni en el relativismo. (shrink)

Legaz Lacamba, L. José Ignacio de Alcorta, filósofo de nuestro tiempo.--Semblanza del profesor Alcorta.--Rodríguez Resina, A. El realismo trascendental, introducción a la filosofía de J. I. de Alcorta.

Luego de un rápido bosquejo de las etapas por las que ha pasado el pensamiento filosófico-cristiano en América Latina, el trabajo se concentra en la principales tendencias y autores en el período que va de la década del 40 del siglo XX hasta el momento que se publica el ensayo en 1998.

Taking language as its general theme, this book explores how the tradition of Indo-Tibetan Buddhist philosophical speculation exemplifies the character of scholasticism. Scholasticism, as an abstract and general category, is developed as a valuable theoretical tool for understanding a variety of intellectual movements in the history of philosophy of religion. The book investigates the Buddhist Scholastic theory and use of scripture, the nature of doctrine and its transcendence in experience, Mahayana Buddhist hermeneutics, the theory and practice of exegesis, and questions (...) concerning the authority of sacred texts. It also deals with the Buddhist Scholastic theory of conceptual thought as the mirror of language, the Scholastic defense of logic and rationality as a method, as well as the role of language in the idealist and nominalist ontologies of the Mahayana. Finally, the author treats the question of ineffability and the silence of the Buddha from a new perspective. (shrink)

The radical posthumanism of Kurzweil aims to achieve immortality. Fukuyama and Habermas criticize posthumanism defending the idea of an inalterable human nature. Pinker, for his part, considers that there is a human nature, but susceptible to modifications. There is a limit to human nature: it is found in the mortal nature of each member of the human species. Sloterdijk will introduce a nuance and insist on the natality of the creative acts of man, standing in continuity with the Nietzschean concept (...) of overman. (shrink)

Leading scholars in the field of religious studies show that scholasticism as a comparative category is useful in the analysis of a variety of religious and philosophical traditions and even in the task of cultural criticism.

Para Polo, el cuerpo es un tema oscuro pero decisivo para la antropología. Del modo en que comprendemos su lugar en el ser humano y la mortalidad que su condición introduce depende nuestra visión de la persona humana. Polo acepta la tesis de Tomás de Aquino de que el alma intelectual es causa formal del cuerpo, pero la piensa de nuevo y evita algunas de sus dificultades ampliándola a la luz de su antropología trascendental.

The quantum state of a d-dimensional system can be represented by a probability distribution over the d 2 outcomes of a Symmetric Informationally Complete Positive Operator Valued Measure (SIC-POVM), and then this probability distribution can be represented by a vector of $\mathbb {R}^{d^{2}-1}$ in a (d 2−1)-dimensional simplex, we will call this set of vectors $\mathcal{Q}$ . Other way of represent a d-dimensional system is by the corresponding Bloch vector also in $\mathbb {R}^{d^{2}-1}$ , we will call this set of (...) vectors $\mathcal{B}$ . In this paper it is proved that with the adequate scaling $\mathcal{B}=\mathcal{Q}$ . Also we indicate some features of the shape of $\mathcal{Q}$. (shrink)

This paper is an invitation to reflect on the advisability of analysing philosophy from a naturalistic perspective. That is, from a perspective that considers philosophy as if it was one more cultural object, which can be studied using the tools that we have available to us today and that are provided by disciplines such as evolutionary psychology or anthropology oriented by a distinctly cognitivist approach. A central concept in the analysis is that of “intuitive ontology” – closely linked to intuitive (...) (or folk-) philosophy or the spontaneous, naïve (natural) way of thinking that is associated with common sense – which is a result of the evolutionary process and a source of metaphysical prejudices such as dualism. A metaphilosophical reflection, such as that proposed here, identifies the “natural” character of a transcendent metaphysics that is still too close to intuitive philosophy, and the interest of constituting a naturalistic philosophy that is fully conscious of its “unnatural” or “counterintuitive” character. (shrink)

Reflection on the development of bioethics in pharmaceutical professional organizations. Professional excellence Reflexão sobre o desenvolvimento da Bioética nas organizações profissionais farmacêuticas. A excelência profissional For some years, the collegiate organizations of the pharmaceutical profession are being challenged, not only by external agents, but also by the professionals themselves. There is a certain criticism in the response, especially in aspects that have to do with the role they must play in the development and activity of professional practice, in their domestic, (...) external and internal purposes and in the characteristics they must possess as organizations in service of these professionals and society. We understand that the development, revision and updating of Bioethics, as well as training in this field in professional organizations, contributes to that transcendent excellence in the profession, provokes a real knowledge of it in all its dimensions and with the power to act in total freedom from threats or internal or external restrictions. Para citar este artículo / To reference this article / Para citar este artigo Centenera-Jaraba JI, López-Guzmán J. Reflexión acerca del desarrollo de la bioética en las organizaciones profesionales farmacéuticas. La excelencia profesional. Pers Bioet. 2019; 23: 49-63. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5294/pebi.2019.23.1.4 Recepción: 15/02/2018 Aceptación: 16/04/2019. (shrink)

El hombre es el único animal que cree haber comprendido el mecanismo que le ha llevadohasta su presente como especie. Comprender este proceso es el primer paso, al que le puedeseguir la consideración de la posibilidad de actuar sobre él de manera consciente. Al hombrese le abre la posibilidad de actuar, mediante la biotecnología, sobre el proceso evolutivo paratratar de «mejorar» sus prestaciones biológicas, atravesando el umbral de la humanidad conel fin de lograr una condición «posthumana». La cuestión del posthumanismo (...) es objeto deun encendido debate que el artículo trata de reflejar. (shrink)